1. Understanding the Game Structure
Tennis is played between two opponents (singles) or two teams of two (doubles). The objective is simple: hit the ball into the opponent’s court in a way they cannot return it within the rules.
A match is divided into:
- Points
- Games
- Sets
- Match
Winning each of these in sequence determines the ultimate victor.
2. Court Layout and Boundaries
Knowing the court lines is essential for playing within the rules:
- Baseline – The line at the back of the court where serves are initiated.
- Service Boxes – Two rectangular boxes where serves must land.
- Sidelines – Outer boundaries; in singles, the inner sideline is used; in doubles, the outer sideline is used.
- Net – Divides the court; the ball must pass over it to be in play.
3. Scoring System Explained
Tennis uses a unique scoring method:
- Points within a game:
- 0 point = “Love”
- 1 point = 15
- 2 points = 30
- 3 points = 40
- 4 points (with at least a 2-point lead) = Game
- Deuce:
- At 40–40, called “deuce,” a player must win two consecutive points:
- First point = “Advantage”
- Next point = Game (if advantage holder wins)
- At 40–40, called “deuce,” a player must win two consecutive points:
- Games in a set:
- First to 6 games with at least a 2-game lead wins the set.
- Sets in a match:
- Best of 3 or best of 5 sets depending on tournament rules.
4. Serve Regulations
The serve starts each point and must follow strict rules:
- The server must stand behind the baseline and between the center mark and sideline.
- The ball must be tossed and struck before it hits the ground.
- The serve must land in the opposite diagonal service box.
- Two chances per point:
- A fault occurs if the serve lands outside the box, hits the net without landing in the box, or if the server steps on/over the baseline before contact.
- Two consecutive faults result in a double fault — the opponent wins the point.
5. Change of Ends
Players switch sides of the court:
- After the first game of each set.
- Every odd-numbered game thereafter (e.g., 1, 3, 5…).
- During tiebreaks, change ends every 6 points.
6. Common Faults and Violations
- Foot Fault – Stepping on or across the baseline during serve.
- Double Bounce – Ball bounces twice before being returned.
- Out of Bounds – Ball lands outside the designated court lines.
- Touching the Net – Player or racket touches the net during a point.
- Obstruction – Deliberately distracting the opponent.
7. Tips to Master the Rules
- Watch professional matches to see rules applied in real time.
- Practice serving with accuracy before adding power.
- Use scoring drills to get comfortable with tennis’ unique point system.
- Join club matches — live play is the fastest way to internalize rules.
8. Conclusion
Tennis rules are straightforward once you understand the structure: serve legally, hit within the lines, and outplay your opponent point by point. By mastering the scoring system and core regulations, you’ll feel more confident on court and free to focus on strategy, technique, and enjoying the game.
